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Comparison of Marxism, Liberalism and Gandhism










Meaning of Isms

Liberalism

Focused on liberalism. Origin of the word: Liberalis i.e. Free Man

Gandhism

Focused on the freedom and division of powers.

Marxism

Focused on the 'communism and collective ownership. Restricted freedom of the individual.


Major Propounders

Liberalism

JS Mills, John Locke, Jeremy Bentham, TC Green

Marxism

Karl Marx, Lenin, Stalin, Fredric Engels

Gandhism

Gandhi Ji and all the president and PM of India who approved of his principles


Views about 'State'

Liberalism

Traditional Liberalism: Disapproved of the 'State'

Contemporary Liberalism: Of the view that 'State;' is a necessary evil.

Marxism

State is a means of exploitation of poor by the 'Rich'. Classless state.

Gandhism

Focused on the 'decentralisation of the power'. 'State' as means of violence: Police State.


Views about Religion

Liberalism

State should not interfere in the religious matters.

Marxism

Against religion. Religion is like an opium. Escapist tendencies.

Gandhism

Focused on religion as an important part of human life. Held the view that integration of politics and religion would purify politics as well.


Books and Influences

Liberalism

Supporters: JS Mills, Bentham, John Locke, Adam Smith

Marxism

Das Capital Critique of Political Economy Value, Price and Profit Inaugural Address

Gandhism

My Experience with Truth Unto this Last Tolstoy Gita and Ramayana Political Guru: Gopal Krishna Gokhale


Liberty of Individual

Liberalism

In favour of freedom of individual. Laissez Faire principle

Marxism

Restricted the freedom of Individual

Gandhism

Focused on decentralisation of powers


Basis of Views

Liberalism

Individualism, humanism and freedom of individual

Marxism

Working, Money, classlessness, labour No difference between rich and poor

Gandhism

Ahimsa, Non-Violence, Sarvodaya, Hijrat, Trusteeship


Views about democracy

Liberalism

A representative form of government, an 'Elective' form of government

Marxism

Classlessness, no difference between rich and poor

Gandhism

Focus on ground level, decentralisation of power


Views about violent means

Liberalism

Government should be tolerant, right to present opposing views.

Marxism

Annihilate, focus on classlessness, use any means whatsoever.

Gandhism

Do not favour violent means at any cost


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